Media Academic Theory

Presentation Media has been available in social orders for a considerable length of time because of its significance in amusement, illumination and arrangement of data. Thus, its quality has pulled in concentrates on how it influences the general public. Examination has demonstrated that media effectsly affects its’ crowds practices and thoughts.Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on Media Academic Theory explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Theories in different fields, for example, brain science, media studies, humanism and correspondence are called media impacts. A few pundits propose that the media delimits an individual’s capacity to be self-governing by connecting the world to an individual, and duplicating a society’s mental self view. Media content that are intended for newsworthy occasions for the most part have colossal control on the general public. Media content are at first written in contents before being transferr ed as completed substance to the crowd. There are various speculations that individuals use to decipher and compose contents. This paper looks at the solid focuses just as the impediments of dissecting media speculations through scholastic ideas (Kirsh, 2009, p. 56). Composing a content for the media alludes to the demonstration of passing on thoughts in a reader’s mind using words. A scriptwriter composes the words on a page with the goal that the words make sounds and pictures, which the peruser can get (Dyer, 1993, p. 99). Speculations of understanding media center around approaches, ideas, discussions and examination, which assists perusers with understanding why media content is how it is. To comprehend scriptwriting, it is basic to concentrate on the hypothetical and functional parts of scriptwriting. Hypotheses of scriptwriting give more profundity to the contents as it offers the author a chance to ponder what they are composing. It additionally makes them mindful of their target group. Hence, they can be certain that they will adequately impart their thoughts. Hypothesis additionally assists essayists with thoroughly considering their contents, underlining on the significant pieces of the story. This makes authors handle their own subjects and thoughts. Conversation Despite the significance of the media, there are clashes on its examination, particularly, the impacts of has on people. Through mechanical progressions and social enhancements, media has step by step changed in substance and intricacy. This has empowered the progression of differing hypotheses to help investigate its contents. To comprehend the impacts of media, it is imperative to comprehend the ways to deal with various speculations. Deciphering film and media contents can't rely upon one hypothesis, as individuals see ideas in an unexpected way. In any case, so as to shape a uniform comprehension of contents, scholarly ideas become useful.Advertising Looking for paper on corresp ondences media? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More One significant advantage of utilizing scholastic idea is that they offer foundation data into the historical backdrop of contents. This foundation data gives information to contents scholars and crowd, which makes it simpler for them to comprehend the current patterns. Hypothetical ways to deal with media are enormously identified with the social and political economies, just as different investigations. The second favorable position of utilizing such scholarly methodologies is that they underscore media gathering and utilization. A case of this methodology is ethnography, which gives an all inclusive comprehension of how language and individuals work. Language and individuals allude to semiotics and analysis separately. Most media speculations are fixated on Marxism thoughts. Karl Marx concocted a hypothesis that clarified how the society’s financial base and conditio ns decide its convictions, thoughts and musings (Marx, 2001, p. 81). Various media approaches rise up out of this hypothesis, particularly those that attention on the society’s super structure, on the society’s base, and those that emphasis on the connection between the two. Marx centers around economies since he accepted that individuals with responsibility for creation of the methods for creation controlled the entirety of the society’s thoughts. Another bit of leeway of utilizing scholastic ideas in understanding film content is that they help in associating various arms of the general public, giving a superior comprehension of the usefulness of our general public. They likewise assist us with understanding the connection between different cultural organizations, for example, the social and monetary establishments. This significance is underlined by the political economy approach. This methodology tries to comprehend manners by which financial issues influenc e media creation and utilizations. This makes individuals mindful of the connection among utilization and media creation, consequently, they are capable forestall the impacts of media utilization. They additionally cause crowds to comprehend that importance to any idea is relative; the manner in which individuals utilize and comprehend words contrast in various social and social setting. For instance, Ricky Gervais utilization of the word â€Å"Mong†. Back then, the word depicted individuals experiencing Down ’s disorder or was utilized to portray a retard. Be that as it may, numerous adolescents utilized the word to mean a â€Å"stupid† or a â€Å"foolish† person.Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on Media Academic Theory explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The media picked this word and utilized it to mix fight from individuals over its utilization. These methodologies amass in considering social relations, particula rly those that incorporate the creation, utilization and dissemination of media assets. As it were, the methodology takes a gander at implications, and how crowds decipher messages. It is prudent to pick words and messages cautiously on the grounds that peoples’ understandings of words contrast. So as to hand-off data to a crowd of people, a scriptwriter must pass on their planned importance and close any chance of misinterpretations. The constraint related with connecting various social orders comes when there is good wantonness because of the coordination. By associating individuals, the media encourages them share duplicate societies, which might be risky. Individuals may copy unsafe practices from different societies, or hurtful ways of life (Moores, 1993, p. 88). This idea additionally interfaces how advancements, structures, government arrangements, and business bolster shape the substance, correspondence frameworks and media. On account of these, political hypotheses a pproach normally considers the settings of media foundations such proprietors of media houses and their areas. To accomplish most extreme profit by media and movies, one must make the most of the accessible open doors, for example, through government strategies, advances, structures and business support. Media house proprietors additionally advantage by seeing how to assemble their correspondence frameworks just as forestall government sanctions. To catch the issues related with the cutting edge industrialist social orders, The Frankfurt School thought of new broad communications conceptualizations. Generally, their methodology managed the innovative progressions and its effects on societies. It set more accentuation on media utilization as opposed to its creation. Innovation was permitting individuals to duplicate unique craftsmanship pieces, thusly, making them more available than previously. This propagation impacted various understandings, which thus influenced media creation (B ell, 2001, p.111). Step by step, there has been an exponential increment in availability and news sources. Another way to deal with media hypotheses is the ethnographic methodology, which investigates lived societies. Media ethnographers examine the different habits that crowds get messages. The ethnographers base their examinations on observational methodologies by increasing clear measurements and information about people’s conduct. The methodology likewise researches the complexities of crowd reactions, concentrating more on social utilization, as opposed to the gathering of media content.Advertising Searching for paper on interchanges media? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More The satisfaction hypothesis then again, straightforwardly manages utilization of media content. The hypothesis is keen on how media crowds fulfill their requirements through the media. To respond to the inquiry, the hypothesis characterizes what potential needs individuals would have, which the media would fulfill. Clinicians characterize a â€Å"need† as a fundamental prerequisite that an individual may need to endure. Needs are likewise characterized into â€Å"higher† and â€Å"lower† needs. Security and natural needs are the lower needs, whereupon human life relies upon. Higher requirements, then again, are socially and socially built. A case of a need is the need to â€Å"belong†. Delight hypothesis examines the most fitting approach to satisfy this need, for example, through social associations. Be that as it may, it stresses on media’s commitment to the satisfaction of this need. Studies propose that individuals need the media for various rea sons particularly regarding individual character, individual connections, preoccupation and reconnaissance (Deacon et al., 1991, p. 155). Similar investigations contend that the media for the most part satisfy these necessities through idealism, giving the crowds chances to have assessments, and distinguishing proof with characters. It is essential to comprehend that people’s needs fluctuate; consequently, media can't satisfy the necessities a similar way. For instance, individuals whose need is to encounter magnificence, joy, interest or emotive needs contrast from the individuals who look for ID and having a place. At long last, analysis way to deal with media tries to comprehend human conduct. This methodology is generally relevant paying little mind to monetary conditions or social settings. This methodology depends on Sigmund Freud’s speculations, wh

French Indian War - French Indian War Aftermath

French Indian War - French Indian War Aftermath Past: 1760-1763 - The Closing Campaigns | French Indian War/Seven Years War: Overview The Treaty of Paris Having deserted Prussia, making room to make a different harmony with France and Spain, the British went into harmony talks in 1762. In the wake of winning shocking triumphs the world over, they enthusiastically discussed which caught domains to keep as a major aspect of the arranging procedure. This discussion basically refined to a contention for keeping either Canada or islands in the West Indies. While the previous was interminably bigger and given security to Britains existing North American states, the last created sugar and other important exchange wares. Left with little to exchange aside from Minorca, the French remote priest, the Duc de Choiseul, found an unforeseen partner in the leader of the British government, Lord Bute. Accepting that some region must be returned so as to reestablish a level of perceived leverage, he didn't press to finish the British triumph at the arranging table. By November 1762, Britain and France, with Spain likewise taking an interest, finished work on a harmony understanding named the Treaty of Paris. As a component of the understanding, the French surrendered all of Canada to Britain and surrendered all cases to an area east of the Mississippi River with the exception of New Orleans. What's more, British subjects were ensured route rights over the length of the waterway. French angling rights on the Grand Banks were affirmed and they were permitted to hold the two little islands of St. Pierre and Miquelon as business bases. Toward the south, the British kept up ownership of St. Vincent, Dominica, Tobago, and Grenada, yet returned Guadeloupe and Martinique to France. In Africa, Gorã ©e was reestablished to France, yet Senegal was kept by the British. On the Indian Subcontinent, France was allowed to restore bases that had been established before 1749, yet for exchanging purposes as it were. In return, the British recaptured their exchan ging posts Sumatra. Additionally, the British consented to permit previous French subjects to keep rehearsing Roman Catholicism. A late passage into the war, Spain fared severely on the combat zone and in arrangements. Compelled to surrender their benefits in Portugal, they were bolted out of the Grand Banks fisheries. Moreover, they were constrained exchange all of Florida to Britain for the arrival of Havana and the Philippines. This gave Britain control of the North American coast from Newfoundland to New Orleans. The Spanish were likewise required to assent to a British business nearness in Belize. As remuneration for entering the war, France moved Louisiana to Spain under the 1762 Treaty of Fontainebleau. The Treaty of Hubertusburg Hard squeezed in the wars last years, Frederick the Great and Prussia saw fortune sparkle on them when Russia left the war following Empress Elizabeths passing in mid 1762. Ready to focus his couple of residual assets against Austria, he won fights at Burkersdorf and Freiburg. Cut off from British money related assets, Frederick acknowledged Austrian supplications to start harmony talks in November 1762. These discussions at last delivered the Treaty of Hubertusburg which was marked on February 15, 1763. The conditions of the arrangement were a viable come back to the norm before the war. Therefore, Prussia held the affluent area of Silesia which it had picked up by the1748 Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle and which had been a flashpoint for the present clash. Despite the fact that battered by the war, the outcome prompted a recently discovered regard for Prussia and an acknowledgment of the country as one of the incredible forces of Europe. The Road to Revolution Discussion over the Treaty of Paris started in Parliament on December 9, 1762. Despite the fact that not required for endorsement, Bute felt it a reasonable political move as the treatys terms had released a lot of open objection. The resistance to the settlement was driven by his antecedents William Pitt and the Duke of Newcastle who felt that the terms were dreadfully tolerant and who condemned the administrations surrender of Prussia. In spite of the vocal dissent, the arrangement passed the House of Commons by a vote of 319-64. Thus, the last record was authoritatively marked on February 10, 1763. While triumphant, the war had gravely focused on Britains funds diving the country into obligation. With an end goal to reduce these money related weights, the administration in London started investigating different alternatives for raising incomes and endorsing the expense of pioneer safeguard. Among those sought after were an assortment of announcements and duties for the North American states. In spite of the fact that a rush of generosity for Britain existed in the settlements in the wake of the triumph, it was immediately stifled that fall with the Proclamation of 1763 which restricted American pilgrims from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains. This was planned to settle relations with the Native American populace, the greater part of which had favored France in the ongoing clash, just as decrease the expense of frontier resistance. In America, the announcement was met with shock the same number of homesteaders had either bought land west of the mountains or had gotten l and awards for administrations rendered during the war. This underlying displeasure was heightened by a progression of new charges including the Sugar Act (1764), Currency Act (1765), Stamp Act (1765), Townshend Acts (1767), and Tea Act (1773). Coming up short on a voice in Parliament, the settlers guaranteed imposing taxes without any political benefit, and fights and blacklists moved through the provinces. This across the board outrage, combined with an ascent in radicalism and republicanism, put the American states headed for the American Revolution. Past: 1760-1763 - The Closing Campaigns | French Indian War/Seven Years War: Overview

Blog Archive University of Virginia (Darden) Essay Analysis, 20102011

Blog Archive University of Virginia (Darden) Essay Analysis, 2010â€"2011 1. The Darden MBA program expects students to actively participate in learning teams, the classroom, and the broader community. Please share one or two examples from your past experience that best illustrate(s) how you will contribute to this highly engaging and hands-on learning environment. (500 words) This question presupposes some knowledge of how Darden works. So, you should start by educating yourself on the school itself, via its Web site, podcasts, alumni and/or a class visit. You may also want to check out the mbaMission Insider’s Guide to the Darden School of Business Administration for a thorough discussion of the school’s unique approach and attributes. Once you understand what a learning team truly is (with its nightly meetings), how a classroom functions (with the professor as a facilitator) and how each class of 300 becomes a much bigger community of professors, partners, administrators and more, you will be able to identify and present an appropriate experience or two of your own that will reveal your potential contribution. As a simplified example, a senior analyst could present a story of how he/she mentored/educated a junior analyst who was falling behind and then might apply this story to the learning team experience, wherein team members are expected to educa te one another and share responsibility for each other’s learning. Your particular experience need not be so broad, but it can beâ€"if you have unique knowledge of the economics of an emerging market or how to market detergent online, for example, your experiences are no less relevant or applicable. The key to writing an interesting essay is identifying what is distinct about your experience and applying it in a way that reveals that you truly “know” Darden. 2. Please discuss how a global event that has taken place in the past two years has impacted the way you think about leadership broadly and personally. (500 words) Above all, keep in mind that this question is about your leadership style, not your politics. This is not your opportunity to discuss your solution to the crisis in the Middle East or show that you have an axe to grind with President Bush or Obama. Darden certainly makes owing this question difficult by limiting your potential events to those that occurred in the past two years. But then again, the world is not that small, and, to state the obvious, global events occur each day. So, you can consider your event carefully and attempt to avoid the blatant. You must show that the global event you ultimately choose has affected you profoundly and that your opinion on leadership has subsequently changed. So, you can discuss how a recent global issue was managed and then transition the focus to yourself, potentially showing the way you have navigated a situation. A “before and after” approach may also be applicable, in which you describe your behavior before the influential event and then reveal the events impact on you by describing your actions and attitude after it occurred. (This is not mandatory, however, and may be difficult to execute in 500 words.) Whatever event you choose, the effect needs to be profound, and the event itself can only be a vehicle to discuss your experience. Your focus is not on the event, but on you. Share ThisTweet 2010-2011 MBA Essay Analysis University of Virginia (Darden)

Life Course Theory Free Essay Example, 1500 words

For example; the type of housing one dwells has a major impact on the life course of the person. This coupled with a desire to live in a decent apartment beyond the capacity of earnings of the person will automatically make the individual to attempt earning beyond his/her means. The individual may resolve to obtain the house or money by any fraudulent means which result into change of a life course. Besides, family structure has a greater role to play in this scenario. The family structure dictates the form of education a person acquires. According to Heather and Farrington (2001), the family is the corner stone of a human community. Children or adolescents who are constantly rejected by their fathers and mothers, those who are brought up in homes with significant level of conflicts and those are not adequately monitored are exposed to risk of developing into delinquents. Deborah, et al. (2002) assert that justice or fairness can be executed in a better way when the young individuals are directed on the best paths by involving the family members in Juvenile crime proceedings. We will write a custom essay sample on Life Course Theory or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now It is vital for the society at large to understand the impact of family make up in getting to roots of delinquency. The structure of a family is one of the profound socialization foundations in one’s life course. Families provide lessons to children and adolescents on how to adapt acceptable behavior, to minimize on their pleasure and to be mindful of their counterparts’ rights. However, families can instill into their children some level of violence, hateful behavior and antisocial behaviors (Eirini & Buchannan. , 2002). Constructive parenting behavior in the initial years and late adolescence stage are very significant since they act as a firewall for criminal behavior among the youth and helps the adolescents to shun any form of delinquency. It must be noted with great importance that adolescence is a period of increasing the risk and chances that go in line with the expansion of social and boundary exposure to a living which is bey ond the family and school. Above all, it begins with the family. Paul and Sobolewski (2001) note that different exposures to aggressiveness are vital origins of prior exits of adolescent stage which implies that it does not only apply to the family but also to the outside scope. The people who may be known to the adolescents in the family or outside the family may influence the youth’s engagement in delinquent events. The type of education given to children may increase or decrease delinquency.

Do Women Experience More Occupation Stress Than Men

Running Head: Stress Management Do working women experience more occupational stress than men or just more occupational stressors? [Name of the writer] [Name of the institution] Executive Summary Examines the sources of stress affiliated with male and female retail managers, a part identified as being hectic and where women are more likely than in other occupational parts to be managers. Self-completed questionnaires were circulated to males and females at various grades of retail management. The outcome verified the two study hypotheses: male and female managers described alike job stresses, in specific from â€Å"work overload†, â€Å"time pressures and deadlines†, â€Å"staff shortages and turnover rates† and â€Å"long employed hours†.†¦show more content†¦(2) feminine retail managers will report added stresses in relation to their occupations than their male counterparts. Literature Review Women, work and stress Much of the preceding study analyzing sex differences and degrees of job tension has demonstrated that numerous of the pressures females bear can be inextricably connected to the traditional roles ascribed to males and females. organising, supervising and controlling persons are components found to significantly affect male managers (Davidson and Cooper, 1983) and contemplate their senior place in the occupational hierarchy while need of influence (Brass, 1985), need of power and assets, and need of engagement and participation (Terborg, 1985) are stresses described by females and demonstrate their relative place vis-à  -vis male managers in the occupational hierarchy. preceding study has shown that female managers bear from role conflict and role ambiguity (Terborg, 1985), which brings with it force felt from tokenism (Rosen, 1982; Davidson and Cooper, 1983; Offermann and Armitage, 1993) isolation (Nelson and Quick, 1985; Davidson and Cooper, 1985) and not feeling completely accept ed by their gazes (Kanter, 1977). The lack of feminine function forms (Davidson and Cooper, 1983, 1985; Terborg, 1985), the need to prove themselves (Davidson and Cooper, 1983) or to emulate the male function (Clark et al., 1996) are supplemented pressures discovered to be associated with feminine managers, and can be attributed toShow MoreRelatedEssay on Stress and Gender Differences1710 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction: Stress is a phenomenon that is experienced worldwide. It â€Å"has become a pervasive experience in the daily lives of Canadians† (McShane Steen, 2009, p. 90) with three out of four Canadians claiming to feel stress either frequently or sometimes (McShane Steen, 2009, p. 90). There are many coping strategies available to personnel but stress levels remain high. Although both genders encounter workplace stress, the method in which it is handled as well as the how the stress itself is perceivedRead MoreSexual Harassment Is A Common Form Of Discrimination Against Women898 Words   |  4 Pages Sexual harassment discourages women in the workforce and some employers take advantage of that discouragement for their benefit. Finn claims that physical appearance and clothing are a common form of discrimination against women (n.pag.). Finn argues how an employer will hire an attractive woman simply because she would increase the business’s revenue than another qualified me diocre woman (n.pag.). Women obtain jobs based on their exterior appearance rather than their intellectual capability ofRead MoreThe Effects Of Stress On Our Lives1381 Words   |  6 Pageswish to do. Unfortunately stress is part of life. I do not recall having met a person that has not had to deal with some sort of stress in their life. According to author Barbara R. Bjorklund â€Å"Stress is a set of physical, cognitive, and emotional responses that humans (and other organisms) display in reaction to demands from the environment.† (Bjorklund, 2011, pg.304) There are many different phases to know when it comes to dealing of stress for example what causes stress, the types of stress, the effectsRead MoreWomen s Rights Of Women Essay1647 Words   |  7 Pagesearly 1920’s, women thought they had achieved the unachievable. They could finally work, keep their earned wages, marry whomever they please, and even vote. After reaching their goal and fighting vigorously, women could taste equality and the freedom they deserved. While women still have the right to work in today’s society, women are not exactly treated equal in the workplace. Regardless of the past and the extreme measures taken to ensure equal opportunities for both men and women, there are manyRead MoreThe Token Status Of Female And Female Relational Aggression Essay2308 Words   |  10 Pagesrelational aggression as women seek to reject their token status in an effort to be accepted by the dominant group. In order to analyze the connection between tokenism and female relational aggression I will conduct surveys with female cadets to analyze their experience as tokens and their experience with relational aggression. I will then draw from these surveys to see if any connections exist between the two areas. Tokenism In Rosabeth Moss Kanter’s Men and Women of the CorporationRead MoreQuestions on Economics and Wages997 Words   |  4 Pagesof wages for clerical staff at a state university found that years of schooling, years of experience, age and job characteristics only explained about one-half of the difference in wages. Describe other factors that may be important in explaining wages differences for clerical staff. One of the most common factors in that exist for differences in wages is that of gender. In general, men earn more than women for the same work, especially working mothers who are often viewed as less committed to theirRead MoreMale Dominated Fields Essay1399 Words   |  6 PagesShould women working in male-dominated fields continue to work longer hours regardless of possible health risks? In today’s society everybody has to work to survive in the world; however, with work comes disadvantages. Over the years there has been an increase in women working in male-dominated fields such as engineering. Any job can cause stress to an individual, however women in male-dominated fields may experience more stress factors than men do because of the challenges they face. Looking throughRead More The Contribution of Feminists to the Sociology of the Family1194 Words   |  5 Pagesof the woman is functional when she plays a necessary ‘expressive’ role, providing care and affection for members in a more subordinate role than that of the breadwinner husband. HOUSEWORK/POWER RELATIONS One of the functionalists, Wilmott and Young, (1973), claimed that 72% of the married men in their sample help their wife in some other way than washing, even though they do fail to specify what this help is. They believe that the family is symmetrical and both husband and wife have joint conjugalRead MoreWomen s Social Issues And Concerns1292 Words   |  6 PagesWomen living in poverty during the early adulthood stage face a lot of obstacles when trying to establish a career identity. Women during the ages of 24-34 years old are influenced by work and interpersonal relationships. Poverty is the root of almost all America’s social issues and concerns. It is prominent to the factors of education, social development, and the economic well beings as adults. Poverty contributes to the inequalities of race, language, culture and place in the United States. Read MoreSocial Class Ladder As A Means Of Stratification Essay1451 Words   |  6 Pagesbehavior but it allows for making people unequal. (Henslin 2014. Page 288) For men, life is a form of competition, they are pitted against one another. They are expected to hide compassion, and avoid looking weak, afraid, or vulnerable. (Henslin 2014. Page 293) On the female side, the dominant male allows women to show more emotions than men. They can show greater compassion, fear, and weakness. This model also dictates that women meet the flip side of a masculine dominance, making the real woman submissive

Ch10 Beechy3e case 3 solution Essay - 17682 Words

Solutions for some acct 400 cases here - http://novellaqalive2.mheducation.com/sites/dl/premium/0070930317/instructor/237732/ Chapter 10 Suggested Time Case 10-1 Good Quality Auto Parts 10-2 Canadian Wilderness Wonders Inc 10-3 Provincial Hydro 10-4 May Company 10-5 Canadian Energy Corporation Assignment 10-1 Amortization policy 10 10-2 Amortization policy 15 10-3 Amortization computation 15 10-4 Amortization computation (*W) 25 10-5 Amortization schedule 30 10-6 Analysis of four amortization methods—maximize income (*W) 20 10-7 Interpreting amortization disclosures 20 10-8 Identify amortization methods—amortization schedules 15 10-9 Identify, recalculate amortization 20 10-10†¦show more content†¦If rates are different for similar assets, comparability is also hurt; again, disclosure is important. 7. A firm would consider the following factors in their choice of amortization methods: nature and use of asset, corporate reporting objectives, industry norms, parent company preferences, the desire to minimize future (deferred) taxes, and the accounting system costs associated with a given method. 8. An asset with a thirty-year life will be amortized over a shorter period when it is expected to be used (will generate revenue) for the shorter period. 9. The straight-line method reports depreciation as a variable amount per unit of output and a fixed amount per period, whereas the productive output method reports depreciation as a fixed amount per unit of output and a variable amount per period. 10. Straight-line amortization is likely popular because it is simple to calculate, logically appealing, rational and systematic, often portrays the pattern of benefits received (equal each period), and because it provides a stable expense pattern. 11. Accelerated methods of amortization result in a periodic amortization charge that is less in each succeeding period than the prior period. There are a number of variations of the accelerated methods, such as the declining balance method and the sum-of-the-years’-digits method. These methods are appropriate when an asset contributes to revenue

Environmental Impacts of Definite Products-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Environmental Management System. Answer: A commonly utilized tool in the environmental context makes use of the life-cycle assessment (LCA) to assess the environmental aspects in addition to the potential impacts pertinent to a product in course of all its stages. In this view, studies have been carried out in recent times to evaluate the environmental impacts of definite products. One such product is olive oil that has been extensively investigated for its environmental impacts through relevant studies. I came to know about the available energy recovery alternatives that have the capacity of driving the management of the olive oil industry waste in the Australian context through adoption of LCA procedure owing to the expanding nature of the olive oil industry in the country. The options that are in vogue constituted manufacturing briquettes as solid fuel for the purpose of home heating, application of pellets in two distinctive areas of either domestic water heating or industrial water heating part from other techniques su ch as that of pyrolysis and composting. According to the study findings I came to learn that rather than the current best practice of composting that has been confirmed to exert significant environmental benefits, displacement of electricity from the main grid is capable of harboring better outcomes following utilization of olive waste for the generation of energy products. However, as per the proposition of the study I came to know that highest effectiveness with optimum environmental benefits may be expected from the production of pellets that are applicable for usage in the domestic hot water bodies (El Hanandeh, 2015). Thus, an insight into the choices available for the sake of energy utilization of the solid olive waste in contrast to the industry available practices has been procured through this study that will further add to the knowledge regarding the environmental management system in this regard for future reference. I also referred to another study concerning the small a nd micro scale production of olive oil in northern Jordan that accounted for indicating the environmental efficiency through environmental impacts assessment in addition to conducting the comparative analysis of the olive oil production practices meant for other Mediterranean regions. Assessments were done with respect to five distinct environmental impact categories such as acidification, particulate matter formation, climate change, agricultural land production as well as human toxicity. Referring to the study findings, it became evident to me that environmental efficiency is supported with respect to olive oil production in northern Jordan when compared against large scale olive oil production practices carried out in the Mediterranean regions. Suitable analysis identified climate change and human toxicity as the most sensitive and least sensitive to differences at farm level practices respectively. I understood that the efficacy of the EMS in the region may be further attributed to low utilization of energy, water and chemical resources in addition to fruitful soil management practices that hold potential for improvement through adoption of low tillage or no tillage agricultural practices by the farmers (El Hanandeh Gharaibeh, 2016). Therefore, I believe knowledge acquired about the olive oil production and subsequent waste utilization with respect to two different geographical contexts has the prospect of planning an EMS pertinent to other regions that account for yield of similar product. References El Hanandeh, A. (2015). Energy recovery alternatives for the sustainable management of olive oil industry waste in Australia: life cycle assessment.Journal of Cleaner Production,91, 78-88. El Hanandeh, A., Gharaibeh, M. A. (2016). Environmental efficiency of olive oil production by small and micro-scale farmers in northern Jordan: Life cycle assessment.Agricultural Systems,148, 169-177.

Chemistry lab paper sherlock holmes experiment Essay Example

Chemistry lab paper sherlock holmes experiment Essay Our objective for the Sherlock Holmes Experiment was to illustrate that some chemicals can be identified or differentiated by simple chemical tests, such as solubility, pH, or color tests. In our group we had to test come common powders such as Alkali-Seltzer, baking soda, flour, Vitamin C (ascorbic acid), and salt. Other chemicals that were used to do this experiment were vinegar, and Iodine 2 Solution. The equipment used to do this experiment was red litmus paper, and 5 test tubes per group. After all materials were gathered, we then had to do five different tests to determine what the powder material does. We will write a custom essay sample on Chemistry lab paper sherlock holmes experiment specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Chemistry lab paper sherlock holmes experiment specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Chemistry lab paper sherlock holmes experiment specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The first test was to see what the powder materials do in water. We had to add a scoop of each of the common powders to an equal amount of water, each in a separate test tube. Then we had to stir/shake it up and record our observations. We had determined that the flour did not dissolve in water. The vitamin C did dissolve in the water. The salt, Alkali-Seltzer, and baking soda also did not dissolve in the water. In the second test we did, we had to determine what each solution does with litmus paper. We had dipped a piece of red litmus paper in each test tube and then observe what happens. When we put the litmus paper in the flour, Vitamin C, and salt, the litmus paper stayed the same color (red) and there was no reaction to either of them. However, when we put the litmus paper in the Alkali-Seltzer, and baking soda, the litmus papers turned too blue color. In the third test, we had to add a squirt (half ml) of vinegar in each test tube to observe what happens. When we put vinegar in the flour, we observed that a milky like solution was made. When we put vinegar in the Vitamin C and the salt there was no reaction to either of the common powders. The Alkali-Seltzer, and the baking soda, hen mixed with vinegar, had a bubbly/foaming reaction. In the fourth test, we had to add a squirt (half ml) of Iodine 2 solution in each of the test tubes to observe what takes place. For the flour, when mixed with iodine, had turn too black color with no physical/chemical reaction. The Vitamin C turned to a red/orange color with no physical/chemical reaction. For the salt the solution turned to an orange color with no physical/chemical reaction. With the Alkali-Seltzer, the solution turned to a brown color with no reaction as well. Last but not least, the Baking soda turned to an range/brown color with no reaction. In the last test, we had to test out a mystery powder (powder A, B, C), in its own separate test tube, in order to solve the Sherlock Holmes Mystery. Our group had powder C. When we mixed water in the mystery powder, it did not dissolve. When the litmus paper was put into the test tube it turned blue. When the vinegar was mixed it bubbled/foamed up. When we mixed the iodine solution, there was no reaction and the solution turned to a dark brown/black color. When we mixed in the baking soda there was no reaction and it turned to an In conclusion, after we had tested the mystery powder, we had to solve the mystery of who stole Kamala Jacksons pad. There were four suspects which were, Ruby, alma, Manly, and Beau, who were seen at the time the pad disappeared. I then cancelled out all the common powders that had no comparison to the mystery powder. The flour, vitamin C, and salt did not have any comparison which left only the Alkali-Seltzer and the baking soda. The comparisons of the Alkali-Seltzer and the baking soda were very similar. They were Just about the same as the mystery powder. So I then narrowed down the two suspects, Beau, and alma, who could have possibly stolen Jambs pad. My accusations of the culprit narrowed down to Beau. I say this because even though alma was baking cookies, she did not use baking soda to make her cookies, as you would think when someone is cooking they might use baking soda as an ingredient. So then I did my research. Beau is the only person left because at the time of the disappearance of the pad, Beau was using Alkali-Seltzer tablets. Alkali- Seltzer tablets contain citric acid and sodium bicarbonate (baking soda), which lead to my accusation that the culprit is Beau.

Essay comparing and contrasting different techniques to convey the thesis used in essays

Essay comparing and contrasting different techniques to convey the thesis used in essays Women rights, still a controversial issue in todays equal partnership world, are the thesis of both essays. Both essay state a women role in the society, My Mother Never Worked also states if a womens work is recognized or not. Donna Smith-Yakel, who wrote, My mother never worked, describes her mothers as strong woman, housewife, mother and then a grandmother. I want a wife written Judy Brady, also describes womens role towards the household compared to man, and the opportunities they are presented with in life. In My Mother Never worked, a daughter remembering her mothers past, files for her mothers death benefit check. Yakel is asked for details of her mother, which she proudly states was a housewife. Yakel writes this essay in slouched but indignant tone, because her mothers work, as a housewife, is not recognized as Work by the Social Security office, as it denies her request. She writes this essay in protest of how society devalues womens work. Yakel uses a lot of dialogue, when talking to the operator at Social Security Office; this is done to bring a sense a reality to the text and appeal to readers. Yakel also takes full paragraphs (Para 12) out of her mothers diary, to make an emotional connection between the reader and Yakels mother. This also helps the readers directly relate to Yakels mother by including dialogue that show exactly how her mother is feeling. Yakel also describes her mothers work in details, My town bred mother learned t set hens and raise chickens, feed pigs, milk cows... (Para 13), to make the readers recognize, appreciates and even relate to her mothers work as Yakel does. And not discard years of service and hardship towards her family, as Social Security did. For the same reason she describes the most smallest of the details from her diary, She raised ...

How I'd vote on drilling for oil in our national park system ( against Essay

How I'd vote on drilling for oil in our national park system ( against drilling) - Essay Example From this perspective, there is need to conserve the environment since it has sustained long-term benefits to the society. It is indisputable that the environment has had positive economic contribution to the economy. By sustaining the environment, the government benefits from tourism, which is a major economic contributor (Cato, 2011). Besides, the government can exploit natural resources from the environment, which will contribute to employment and foreign income (Dupler, 2006). Therefore, it remains a dilemma whether the government should focus on environmental conservation or economic development that has short-term drawbacks. When such a situation arises, there is need to conserve the environment as it has long-term benefits rather than exploit the land, which would have short-lived benefits. In situations where there are natural resources within a national park system, such as in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge in North East Alaska, there arises the need to evaluate the costs and benefits of either course of action. First, given the increasing cost of oil, exploiting the reservoir will attract high income from exporting oil besides providing employment (ORourke & Sarah, 2003). However, income from tourism, however small, will be lost and the land may be destroyed permanently. Others cost will include soil and air pollution, which have long-term impacts on land and the environment. Besides, on depletion of the non-renewable oil resource, the land will be left to waste (Wiese et al., 2001). From this viewpoint, drilling oil will have long-term costs on the environment and hence this project should be shunned to protect the environment. In conclusion, the government should refrain from drilling oil from the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge in North East Alaska. While drilling oil will give the country an economic boost and provide employment, it will lead to

Aircraft emergency response Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Aircraft emergency response - Essay Example The planning processes should be interlinked to ensure that the company is able to take appropriate initial actions, and then continue managing the emergency crisis for an unspecified duration. Ultimately, the aim of comprehensive emergency response and crisis management planning is to minimize pain and suffering of all associated in the event of an accident in the airport premises or its immediate vicinity and to save human lives All airports authorities should have aircraft rescue and fire-fighting services and equipment, for procedures for handling aircraft fire emergencies, and for specialized vehicles used to perform these functions at airports, with particular emphasis on saving lives and reducing injuries coincident with aircraft fires following impact or aircraft ground fires. Everything that can be done to protect the health and life of the individual must have priority over maintaining aircraft equipment and facilities, however valuable these may be. Human life comes first; efforts to salvage aircraft, buildings or technical equipment are secondary. "If you are looking for perfect safety, you will do well to sit on a fence and watch the birds; but if you really wish to learn, you must mount a machine and become acquainted with its tricks by actual trial." Emergency response is a product of preparedness. ... Especially the first responders: fire, police, emergency medical service, and building safety professionals. Major accidents are being studied by many emergency response agencies to achieve workable response procedures using a specific set of guidelines applicable to each type of occurrence. As in nearly all countries, the guidelines and recommendations set out in Annex 14 of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) applies to fire fighting and rescue services. Planning for the crisis is the key to minimizing the harmful effects of aircraft accident. Every airport is categorized for rescue and fire safety purposes in accordance with International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) guidelines, depending on the maximum total length and fuselage width of the aircraft normally used at the airport. Some of the regulatory requirements for international airport authorities and covered by the existing regulations include (Shantakumar 29): 1. The minimum number of vehicles and quantities of extinguishing agents, emergency equipment and the qualifications and training of personnel that must be made available by the airport operator; Aircraft emergency response 4 2. A three-minute response time for first-response vehicle(s) responding to an emergency at applicable airports; 3. A minimum of 90 per cent coverage of commercial aircraft conducting regular flights, and in addition, coverage of 100 per cent of all 20-passenger aircraft. 4. The presence of qualified personnel, trained who are able to deliver aircraft rescue and firefighting service at the airport during operating hours; 5. The annual testing of emergency services conducted, monitored and enforced to evaluate response times and confirm that the emergency services being

The Nurture Assumption Essay Example for Free

The Nurture Assumption Essay I have always held the belief that Nature v Nurture is not a zero-sum game. To steal a line from T. S. Elliot’s The Hollow Men, I believe humans are born into this world a â€Å"shape without form. † That shape, of course, is our nature; the sum of our genetic make-up and natural tendencies based on some combination of predisposition and innate sense of self. The form, then, necessarily reflects our experiences and the way those have restructured our ‘self. ’ The nurture of our mind, particularly at a young age, is instrumental in providing depth and context to our natural shape. Both aspects of our ‘self’ are complimentary. Just like we are unable to understand shape without the context of form, we are similarly unable to understand humans without an understanding in the dynamic of both nature and nurture expressed through our behavior, desires, and interactions. Raising a virtual child did not change my initial thoughts on the collaborative importance of nature vs. nurture. However, I was curious to see what my child, Chase, would be like at 18, and so I answered each question thoughtfully based on what would be best for him. The feedback about Chase provided substantial evidence to backup my nature vs. nurture belief. The influence of nature on Chase’s development was evident in several life stages throughout the program. To begin, the assessments in Chase’s life revealed above average performances in multiple subject areas. This advanced state in development is a common result of a psychological perspective called the Core Knowledge Perspective. This states that infants are born with innate special purpose knowledge systems, which results in rapid early development. In the virtual child program, Chase was, â€Å"advanced in his gross and fine motor skills and seemed to have little goals that involved two steps of planning ahead. † On the flip side, after the positive feedback in specific areas, nurture highly influenced additional development in those areas. By choosing answers like, â€Å"encourage Chase to point to toys that are out of reach so you can get them for him, and encourage Chase to keep trying when there is an obstacle you know he can overcome†, his development is influenced by my decisions and nurturing. Chase was also above average in the language development area. Multiple early childhood development specialist assessed Chase and they determined that he was at a higher level in language development than his fellow peers. Some of their notes included statements like, â€Å"Chases language skills are developing rapidly† and â€Å"he scored in the above average range on tests of language comprehension and production, and provided unusually complete and grammatically mature sentences â€Å"he seems to know an unusual number of names for things. † Chase’s language development can be characterized by a psychological study called, Multiple Theories of Language Development. The combination of the Interactionist Theory and Behaviorist Theory combine the following influences on language development: inner capacities, the environment, and social context. Therefore, I can conclude that Chase’s advanced language development is a result of influences from both, nature (inner capacities), and nurture (environmental social). Chase showed signs of attachment to me and I immediately began several intervention strategies in order to prevent a serious attachment issue in the future. Attachment is an innate survival mechanism and is a system used to control things such as proximately, security, and emotional regulation. Thus it is obvious that attachment is determined through nature. However, studies have shown that children subject to feelings of attachment often have long term effects on behavioral characteristics like personality and communication. Chase was showing signs of attachment by reacting negatively in situations of separation. He was â€Å"hesitant to part with†¦Ã¢â‚¬  both, my â€Å"partner† and I, and he â€Å"started crying† immediately after the handover at the daycare. Moreover, this behavior is linked to the sensitivity and responsiveness of the mother/caregiver and is collinear to the influence of nurture. Lastly, Chase had a â€Å"larger than life† personality; he was very outgoing, and had a natural curiosity about him. His personality was influenced by the mutualistic relationship between nature and nurture. A specific focus on the science behind Chase’s temperament revealed a foundation of nature. The genetic contributors can be described as the â€Å"Biological Basis for Temperament. † Chase is characterized as uninhibited and outgoing, which is determined by obtaining qualities such as: positive reactions and approach to new stimuli, low heart rates, stress hormones and symptoms, and higher left hemisphere frontal cortex activity. In addition, temperament is also influenced by nurture. Therefore, his outgoing personality is the result of many factors like, his environment, relationships with family members, non-family peers, and etc. He was described as, â€Å"very outgoing and friendly with new people†, having â€Å"several good friends and gets invited to parties†, and â€Å"one of the most outgoing and popular seniors at the school. † I tried to choose answers that introduced Chase to new situations and people. Consequently, nurture also played a significant role in shaping Chase’s outgoing temperament. In conclusion, my previous thoughts about the influence of nature vs. nurture on human development go unchanged. As mentioned above, both aspects of our ‘self’ are complimentary. Just like we are unable to understand shape without the context of form. The only change that may have occurred from the Virtual Child program is the reinforcement of my initial understanding of nature vs. nurture.

Why Do We Read Shakespeare :: essays research papers

Shakespeare: A Common Knowledge in Society   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Almost anywhere that you go in America or even the world, the people have heard of William Shakespeare. His name is probably one of the most common ones in our society today, and has been since his time. But has anyone ever raised the question why? Why do we, as a society, read William Shakespeare's plays? The answer is a simple one and that is to have a common knowledge in our societies. So many diverse groups of people can be brought together with Shakespeare's plays, for discussions, arguments, and more. The timeless ideas that are put into his plays are something that everyone can relate to, which in the big picture could bring all societies together.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  If a person is walking down the street talking with his or her friend about love, and they mention the play Romeo and Juliet and someone walking nearby hears them, they will understand what they are talking about. This is called common knowledge. Because Shakespeare put so many ideas that are part of everyday life, even in this day in age, people can always relate to them. Love, hate, foolishness, jealousy, and anger are just some of the countless ideas that were put into his plays. Despite what the situation in Kosovo is or which team is winning in the Stanley Cup finals, there will always be these ideas in the world.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Anyone can relate to the ideas in Shakespeare's plays, that is what makes them so great. No matter how advanced the world becomes or no matter what kind of wars we fight, these feelings will always be there. Love is in everyday life, if not intimate than parental. Hate, such as the war going on right now, is in everyday life. People have always be entertained by these ideas and feelings, but at the same time they become closer to each other and more open minded and educated.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Common knowledge is a great thing to have. Even though we speak different languages in the world, we can all still relate to the feelings that are brought out in Shakespeare's plays. Knowledge is something that almost everyone craves, and the more that everyone knows about a subject, the more questions are raised about it and more thinking comes from that and then in the long run more knowledge comes. It is a continuous cycle that never stops.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  No matter how different we think that we are, as a human race, the feelings that are brought out in Shakespeare's plays bring us together in spirit.

International Journal of Water Resources Development Essay

This paper investigates the use of inland waterways on three continents-Asia, Europe, and North America with an in-depth focus on the transportation of agricultural, industrial and energy products. It is found that there are great variations on the use of inland waterways in their importance from one country to another. This variation in use of inland waterways depends on economic, technical, social and political considerations. Certain considerations like cost-effectiveness or technical feasibility are universal. Additionally, this discrepancy can be explained to a certain extent by geographical conditions, but lack of realization of the potential benefits to the national economies also plays an important role. Some countries – especially the oil-importing developing countries – are now making determined efforts to expand and modernize their waterways transportation systems, but generally there is a lack of national master plans for transportation, including inland waterways, so their development is still taking place on a piecemeal basis. There are many major considerations for using inland waterways, and some of these issues are interrelated. Five major considerations are: (i) economic efficiency; (ii) employment potential; (iii) energy use; (iv) environmental factors; and (v) socioeconomic requirements. As might be expected, the recent rates of growth of inland water transport in different parts of the world have not been uniform. The growth rates have not been similar even within a specific region. For example, in Asia, cargo handled by inland waterways increased by 12% in China in 1982, and by 9. 1% in Burma during 1982-83. In contrast, cargo handled in Bangladesh declined by 4% during 1982-83. Asia. Inland waterways are an important means of transportation and communication for a significant percentage of people in Asia, especially those living in river basins and deltaic areas. Countries like Bangladesh and Thailand have always relied on transportation through their rivers which cover almost the entire length of the countries from north to south. Europe. No uniform pattern of inland water transportation (IWT) emerges in the various countries of Europe. If the West European countries are considered, in general the total tonnage of goods carried has declined over the past decade. The reduction can to some extent be attributed to the decline in economic activities. North America. For Canada – water transport has historically played a dominant role in the Canadian economy because of the nation’s size, geography and presence of a large number of water bodies. Among the major constraints for IWT in Canada are the shortness of the season due to the freezing of waterways, the relative inflexibility of capacity in some areas and vulnerability to major variations in water levels in different river sections at different times during the year. For the USA there are three different systems can be identified geographically: Atlantic Coast and Pacific Coast waterways and the Mississippi river-Gulf Intercoastal system. There is no inland connection between these three systems. An analysis of the situation with respect to inland waterways transportation clearly indicates the great variations in their importance and use from one country to another. While geographical conditions can explain this anomaly to a certain extent, lack of realization of the potential impact of IWT on national economies continues to be an important factor. The expansion of IWT in developing countries has more potential than in developed countries, where this mode of transportation is more mature. Without a national transportation policy, development of IWT can proceed only on an ad hoc, piecemeal basis.

Management Is The Fundamental Operation Of A Company By...

Jaquana Savage BUS 137 February 1, 2015 Module 1 Writing Assignment Management is the fundamental operation of a company by internal users. The management portion of a business is the most important part. It is the job of the manager to make sure that all duties are being carried out in an effective and efficient way. Managers must makes sure that tasks are fulfilled in a cost-effective and timely manner. They must work with a team of people to form a management unit. The four functions of management are planning, organizing, leading and controlling. Managers must set up a plan for achieving goals as a way to improve performance. For example, McDonalds must plan out the menu based on location to ensure success. When opening at a new†¦show more content†¦Planning gives a company the chance to make progress in an extended amount of time. Organizing is the second most important. It comes second nature to planning. Anybody can plan a business, but how it is organized and operated is another story. When a company organizes, they must decide what decisions will be made, who will carry out certain task, and who will work for the company. Planning and organizing is the determining factor between a fortune 500 company, and a â€Å"mom and pop† store that’s barely making money. I have never personally worked with a manager, but I have observed a manager hard at work. A good manager is one whose main goal is to satisfy the intended audience, but maintain a profitable, successful business. A good manager must be able to effectively communicate with customers, employers, or potential business partners. A bad manager would be one who only cares about their individual success in the workplace. While their main goal would still be to satisfy the customer, as long as the company is operating at a decent level, things are fine. Sometimes, it may not be the manager who are bad, it may be the events that influence the management and the organizational culture. There are three organizational cultures: creation, success, and change. The creation culture is all about the founders, the people admired for the accomplishments within the company, and the vision for the company. The success culture is all about the company’s beliefs, values,

Cultural Collisions in Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness...

Shiloh Gilbert April 8, 2010 There is an abundance of literature in which characters become caught between colliding cultures. Often, these characters experience a period of growth from their exposure to a culture that’s dissimilar to their own. Such is the case with Marlow, Joseph Conrad’s infamous protagonist from ‘Heart of Darkness’. Marlow sets off to Africa on an ivory conquest and promptly found himself sailing into the heart of the Congo River. Along the way he is faced with disgruntled natives, cannibals, and the ominous and foreboding landscape. Marlow’s response to these tribulations is an introspective one, in which he calls into question his identity. This transcending of his former self renders the work as a whole a†¦show more content†¦At the novels completion, Marlow has altered every belief he had formerly held. From a caterpillar at the commencement, cocooning while in the depths and darkness’ of Africa, and flying away from his pre vious convictions and assertions, Marlow evolves throughout the novel. Marlow’s evolution renders ‘Heart of Darkness’ a remarkable work of literature, but it is not simply the budding of the narrator’s mind that makes the novel sensational. Marlow’s perception of the voyage is what truly renders the work exceptional. European expansion, as written by European writers, was generally cast in a positive light. When Conrad depicts the desolation of the journey and reveals the sanities and lives robbed through the conquest, he clearly does not conform to the writers of his time. This exposure of European expansion in such a sinister a fashion was innovative for writers of the late 17th century. This revolutionary perception is what truly allows ‘Heart of Darkness’ to be considered a novel rich in moral and detail. As cultures collide and the world becomes more diverse, we find ourselves faced with unexpected diversions. We must organize our minds to a steadfast state in which we devote ourselves to ourselves, such as Marlow has done. We must collect ourselves throughout our personal tribulations and cultivate new selves fromShow MoreRelatedThe Nature of Evil in Humanity in the Book, Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad582 Words   |  3 PagesIn Joseph Conrad’s novel Heart of Darkness, the cultural collisions illustrates the struggles Marlow experiences as he questions the nature of evil in humanity. Marlow compares his experience in Africa as the Romans did â€Å"nineteen hundred years ago,† they both were shocked when they got there. When Romans came long ago they did not expect to see anyone, and when Marlow came he expected something different. He thought that the natives were happy to have civilization and wanted to integrate into

Kansas City Hyatt Collapse An Investigation Into The Design

Kansas City Hyatt Collapse An investigation into the design flaw of two floating balconies above the atrium of the Hyatt Regency Hotel in Kansas City, Missouri, is discussed in this report. The following investigation includes a closer look at disputes in design between the engineering consultants and the fabrication company, as well as an examination of load capacity. In the design, three walkways were intertwined between the second, third, and fourth floors above the hotel’s atrium (Leyendecker, E., Marshall, R., Pfrang, E., Woodward, K., 1982). The second floor’s walkway was suspended from the fourth, which was suspended from the roof. The third floor’s walkway was hanging from the roof of the atrium, independent to the other two. When a collapse occurred on July 17, 1981, the fourth floor, which was suspended from the roof, collapsed and landed on top of the second floor. As a result, both floors crashed into the atrium at ground-level (Leyendecker, E., Marshall, R., Pfrang, E., Woo dward, K., 1982). The main causes of the collapse are questionable engineering ethics, negligence, and disputing agencies. These two factors resulted in a poor foundation with lack of consideration of large stress on the structure (Hyatt Regency Walkway Collapse, 2006). New Orleans Levee Break On August 29, 2005, disaster struck New Orleans, Louisiana in the form of Hurricane Katrina. Since the city is 10 feet below sea level, it is susceptible to large amounts of flooding (Bunch, 2005).Show MoreRelatedThe Collapse Of The United States1231 Words   |  5 PagesOn July, 1981 at 7:05pm, Hyatt Regency Hotel in Kansas City USA, the local station, hosted a dance competition in the atrium lobby. The atrium and walkways were filled with up to 2000 peoples. As many people standing and dancing on the suspended walkways, a loud crack was heard and the walkaways collapse. This caused 114 peoples fatalities killed and left more than 200 injured. Furthermore, the collapse led to a millions of dollars in costs and majority of peoples were affected. The Texas universityRead MoreThe Hyatt Regency Disaster Kansas City Missouri1228 Words   |  5 Pages The Hyatt Regency Disaster Kansas City Missouri July 17th, 1981 A brief summary of the underlying mechanical and ethical of this failure as a part of Mechanical Analysis and Design. Written By: Austin Bruce Hasan Polat MCET-450.02 Professor William Leonard The Hyatt Regency Hotel, the newest hotel built in Kansas City Missouri featuring an open atrium design at its entrance with floating walkways suspended on the second, third, and fourth floors. Only one year after itsRead MoreDesign And Design Of The Hotel1096 Words   |  5 Pagesyear of 1976, a corporation known as Crown Center Redevelopment started a project to design and construct a Hyatt Regency Hotel in Kansas City, Missouri. 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INTRODUCTION: In 1976, the Crown Center Redevelopment cooperation commenced a project to design and build a Hyatt Regency Hotel in Kansas City, Missouri and on April 4, 1978, Crown Center into a standardRead MoreDesigning A Contractor Management System For A Site Expansion1690 Words   |  7 PagesDesign Deficiencies The following report answers questions on design deficiencies. It will describe three design disasters and examine the causes of the disaster and the impact they had on future designs. It will then discuss a â€Å"design and layout† case study and the setting up of a contractor management system for a site expansion. Tacoma Bridge Collapse Brief Description of the Disaster The Tacoma Narrows Bridge (aka â€Å"Galloping Gertie†) was opened to traffic on July 1, 1940 and was built to linkRead MoreThe Role Of An Engineer Essay2124 Words   |  9 Pagesengineers using machines producing parts, drawing and sketching designs, or even doing some mathematical calculations. A more general answer to what engineers actually do would be that they solve social problems through the use of machines, devices, systems, materials and processes. They are all absolutely correct. But in reality, both the job and the role of an engineer are more complicated. They do not only have to work with machines and designs. Engineers are often involved in communications and negotiationsRead MoreThe Importance of Philosophy to Engineering8110 Words   |  33 Pagesmethodologically excludes aesthetics - and, by extension, ethics - from his analysis of design, in order to keep his discussion bounded and manageable, he also grants that ethics often has a serious role to play in engineering design13. Questions of safety, risk, and environmental protection are only the more obvious manifestations of variables that call for ethical judgment in assessing their proper influence on design decisions. Philosophy (especially ethics) is an internal practical need of engineeringRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pages—San Diego State University Timothy A. Judge —University of Notre Dame i3iEi35Bj! Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo Editorial Director: Sally Yagan Director of Editorial Services: Ashley Santora Acquisitions Editor: Brian Mickelson Editorial Project Manager: Sarah Holle Editorial Assistant: Ashlee BradburyRead MoreStrategic Human Resource Management View.Pdf Uploaded Successfully133347 Words   |  534 Pageshowever, the support program that accompanied the policy did not appear to produce differences in quitting Page 61 STRATEGIC HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT Section One behavior.101 Nonetheless, another empirical study that employed an experimental design, with experimental and control groups drawn from two companies, found increased quitting behavior to be associated with training, financial incentives, and competition.102 There are several other examples of company actions in this area. Cardinal

Advertising on Tv free essay sample

We also find that the more viewers dislike ads, the ore likely it is that welfare is increasing in the number of advertising financed TV channels. A publicly owned TV channel can partly correct market distortions, in some cases by having a larger amount of advertising than private TV channels. It may even have advertising in cases where advertising is wasteful per SE. JELL classification: ALL, MOM Keywords: Television industry; Advertising Correspondence should be sent to Tore Nielsen, Department of Economics, University of Oslo, P. O. Box 1 095 Blinder, NO-0317 Oslo, Norway. E-mail: tore. [emailprotected] Ii. O. We are grateful to Steve William, three anonymous referees, and seminar participants in Antwerp, Helsinki, and Milan for helpful comments. We would like to thank the Research Council of Norway (the KIM program) for its financial support through SIN Institute for Research in Economics and Business Administration. Kind would like to thank Chiefs in Munich for excellent working conditions while revising this work. We will write a custom essay sample on Advertising on Tv or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The TV industry is important both in terms of the time people spend watching TV and the amount of advertising it transmits. 1 However, advertising- financed channels are potentially a mixed blessing.On the one hand, TV immemorial may be the most efficient way for firms to advertise their products and can generate a surplus both for individual firms and for society as a whole. On the other hand, viewers may dislike being interrupted by commercials. 2 We thus have an ambiguity that raises the questions of whether there is over- or underproduction of advertising on TV and of whether there is a need for some kind of public intervention in the sector. Would it for instance be advantageous to restrict entry of commercial TV channels if consumers dislike ads?In this paper, we set out to provide answers to these questions with the help of a simple model in which TV stations sell advertising space to advertisers. The basis for the advertisers willingness to pay for such advertising space is the attention of the viewers that the stations attract. And in order to attract viewers, the stations offer TV programs. Thus, the TV industry is an example of a two-sided market: TV stations offer programs to viewers and advertising space to advertisers, with externalities in both directions. We find that there is too little advertising on TV when the channels programs are close substitutes, and that the scope for such interspersion of advertising becomes higher if the number of TV channels is enlarged. We further show that the more viewers dislike ads, the more likely is that welfare is increasing in the number of advertising financed TV channels. Well-known discussions of the welfare effects of advertising, such as Dixie and Norman (1978) and Becker and Murphy (1 993), do not take into account the role of media firms as transmitters of advertising. An early attempt to do so is in Spence and Owen (1977). However, in their discussion of advertising-financed TV versus pay TV, the presence of advertising is assumed to have no effect on vi ewers. William and Owen (1985) extend the Spence-Owen model to take into account that commercials are a nuisance to TV viewers. Our analysis differs from the work of Spence-Owen and William- Owen in that we model strategic interactions beeten TV stations in an oligopoly, whereas they assume monopolistic competition without any strategic interaction.Moreover, in the Spence-William-Owen models the price of commercials 2 is exogenously determined, whereas we let it be endogenously determined. This is important for understanding strategic interaction in media markets. For example, we show that tougher competition caused by greater substitutability between TV channels leads to higher prices per minute Of advertising, while tougher competition caused by an increase in the number of TV channels leads to lower such prices. In other respects, however, our approach is similar to that of Spence and Owen (1977) and William and Owen (1985).In particular, we follow them in modeling the demand for TV pro grams by way of a quadratic utility function of a representative viewer. In recent analyses of the media market, such as Gal-or and Dukes (2003), Zwieback, Lasses, and Cognacs (2004), Petit and Valletta (2005), and Anderson and Zwieback (2006), viewers are located along a Whittling (1929) line, varying according to their preferences for Waveform content, and TV channels choose positions on that line. 5 Thereby product differentiation is endogenously determined.But this comes at a cost: First, these analyses are limited to discussions of duopoly and have small chances of being generalize to an oligopoly. Secondly, a Whittling analysis fixes the total size of the market (I. E. , the total amount of TV viewing). Thirdly, each viewer is assumed to watch one channel only. We choose a different angle and fix the degree of product differentiation, in line with the earlier work of Spence and Owen (1977) and William and Owen (1985). A major benefit is that we can discuss oligopoly and do not have to limit ourselves to duopoly.This is particularly interesting since most democratic countries have reduced or eliminated regulatory entry barriers for TV channels over the last decades. A major insight from our analysis is that a larger number of advertising- financed TV channels is more likely to have positive welfare effects, the higher s the consumers disability from advertising. The intuition for this somewhat paradoxical result is that higher competition through a larger number of TV channels forces each TV channel to sell less ad time when the viewers dislike commercials.The positive welfare effects of less ad time are greater the more the consumers dislike advertising, other things equal. Our approach allows for a framework in which the total time people spend watching TV is endogenous, depending on the extent of competition. As in most other markets, our model features the appealing property that stronger intention leads to higher output, that is, to people spending more time watching TV. Finally, our formulation allows a viewer to allocate his time between different channels. This increases the competition in the market for advertising space, as 3 each n. Channel can offer advertisers a little of each viewers attention. 6 In many European countries there are mixed oligopolies in the TV industry with both publicly and privately owned TV channels. 7 Introducing a welfare- maximizing publicly owned TV channel into our model, we show that, for sufficiently differentiated TV channels, the public TV channel sells less advertising space than the private channels. Thereby the provisions Of advertising in a system with only privately owned TV channels is mitigated. Conversely, the public TV channel brings more advertising than the private ones if TV programs are sufficiently close substitutes.In fact, we find that a welfare-maximizing public TV channel brings advertising even in some cases where advertising is per SE wasteful (I. E. , where the disability of viewers exceeds the surplus that the advertising generates for the advertisers). This article is organized as follows. The formal model is presented in the next section. In the three subsequent sections, we discuss and compare equilibrium outcomes and social optimum. Thereafter, we analyze the implications of introducing a welfare-maximizing TV channel owned by the government. In the final section we offer some concluding remarks.The model We consider a model with m 2 TV stations and a continuum Of identical viewers with measure one. The time that each viewer spends watching n. programs on channel I = 1 , ,m is denoted by Vi. We follow Motto (2004) and assume that consumers preferences are given by the Subintervals utility unction, originally introduced by Suburb and Levitate (1 980): m m 02 0 1 C We may interpret Vi both as the time that each viewer spends watching channel I and as the number of viewers of channel I, since we have normalized the population size to 1.The parameter s e (0,1) is a measure of product differentiation: The higher is s, the closer substitutes are the TV channels from the viewers point of view. The Suburb-Levitate formulation ensures that the parameter s only captures product differentiation and has no effect on market size. 8 The TV channels are financed by advertising, and an be watched free of charge. However, the viewers have a disability of being interrupted by commercials.To capture this, we assume that the viewers subjective cost of watching channel I is Chi = waive, where Ai is the ad 4 time on TV channel I and O is a parameter that measures the vie wers disability from advertising. A viewers consumer surplus is thus given by CSS -? U-heavily. Ii=mm In a sense, advertising is an indirect price: It has the same function in the market for TV programs as prices have in other markets. By setting docs DVD = 0 , we find the audiences demand for viewing TV channel I: (2) Vi where A -? CIA-SOCIO mi=l Ai is the average level of advertising on the m channels.The time viewers spend watching channel I is thus strictly decreasing in the level of ad inventory on that channel, and more so the higher their disability of being interrupted by commercials (captured by y), and increasing in the levels of ad inventory on the competing channels: The more commercials there are on the rival channels, the more attractive is channel for the viewers. Channel I charges the price Ri per advertising slot, and we set operating profit of channel I equal to in Ri m . Throughout the article we abstract from both variable and fixed costs for the TV channels. This is not to say that such costs ar e unimportant (see, e. G. Motto Polo, 1997, for a discussion). However, this allows us to highlight some basic competitive forces and strategic effects without having to worry about free entry conditions. Let Kaki denote advertiser KS advertising level on channel I. The advertisers gross gain from advertising at channel is naturally increasing in its advertising level and in the number of viewers exposed to its advertising. We make it simple by assuming that the gross gain equals Kiev. This implies that the net gain for advertiser k from advertising on equals C m Accommodation Ri C, e n, 0 Chi=l advertiser k. The advertisers aggregate profit equals n A k TTT k . Where n is the number of advertisers. With a slight abuse of terminology, we label ask the profit of 5 Most of the analyses in the literature consider the advertisers to be price takers and derive demand for advertising by way of a zero-profit condition on the marginal advertisers profit. 9 We find it useful to do this differently, and more in line with models of successive oligopoly, such as Slinger (1988), here producers and retailers set quantities sequentially. We consider the following two-stage game: Stage 1 : TV channels set levels of advertising space. Stage 2: The advertisers choose how much advertising space to buy.One noteworthy feature of our set-up is that the TV channels are quantity setters in advertising. If program choice is inflexible in the short run with a given amount of time been each program such an assumption is plausible. However, there might be arguments indicating that TV channels are more flexible concerning the amount of advertising. 10 If so, price setting on advertising is a more natural choice. It can be shown that our main results still hold if we assume price setting rather than quantity setting among TV channels-II Unless stated otherwise, we assume that the TV channels act non-cooperatively.Equilibrium outcomes We solve the game by backward induction. At stage 2, the advertisers simultaneously determine how much to advertise on each of the m channels, taking prices of advertising space as given. Solving k Dais = 0 simultaneously for the n advertisers and then using Ai = k Kaki we find that n demand for advertising at channel I equals Ai=l n [1 -?m (1 -?s) Ri -? ms y n +1 I = 1 where R = m IM 1 Ri is the average advertising price on the m channels. As expected, we thus have dad a downward-sloping demand curve for advertising ( drib The TV channels set their ad inventory non-cooperatively at stage 1 . (For the case where TV channels collude on advertising levels, see below. ) Solving we find that the equilibrium ad time at each TV channel equals AiM -? Inn(l (7) -?s),I=l, , m, , m, subject to (6), -s)yen+l d in dad where the superscript M denotes market equilibrium. 12 From this equation we see that the ad time is decreasing in the viewer disability of advertising (y), which is quite natural. Moreover, Adam DNA > 0 : An increase in the number of advertisers increases the demand for advertising, and it becomes optimal for the TV channels to offer more advertising space. Inserting (7) into (2), we find equilibrium TV viewing on each channel: ViM = Multiplying this expression by m, we see that total viewing time ( movie M ) depends on the number and substitutability of TV channels. In other words, total output varies with the competitive pressure between the firms. This realistic feature of our model is in contrast to the widely used 7 Whittling framework, where the size of the market by definition is constant.We note from (8) that TV viewers equilibrium consumption is unaffected by y: The TV channels thus completely internalize the consumers disability of advertising through the levels of advertising. From (7) we find that Adam Ads 0 , which means that the equilibrium ad time is smaller the less differentiated the TV channels. To understand this result, note that a TV chan nel attracts viewers by limiting the quantity of advertising space. The better substitutes the viewers perceive the TV channels to be, the more sensitive they are to differences in ad time.A high s thus gives each TV Handel an incentive to set a relatively low ad inventory in order to capture viewers from the other channel. Corresponding to smaller ad inventories when s increases, TV viewers consumption increases: DVD M Ads Finally, we get the typical effects of an increase in the number of competitors: Each firms output is reduced ( d ( movie M ) DMS Adam DMS O , and DMS > O Again, these are results that cannot be obtained in the Whittling framework, where movie M is fixed.Summarizing our main results so far, we have: Proposition 1: (a) The larger he number of TV channels (I) the less time do viewers spend on each individual TV channel, but (ii) the more time do they spend on TV viewing in total. (b) The equilibrium ad time on each channel is smaller (I) the less differentiated the TV chance Nell programs; (ii) the higher the viewers disability of advertising; and (iii) the higher the numbers of TV channels.At the same time as competition forces the TV channels to reduce their ad inventories, it R allows them to charge a higher slotting price RiM and a higher contact price per viewer, r IM V IM : I M RiM = -s) ] Ads 8 rim trim>O. N+1)(m-s)+m(1 (n +1 )(m-?s) -s ) Ads (10) By insertions into the expressions for profit in (3) and (4), we can now find the equilibrium profit levels of TV stations and advertisers: M in = (11) (12) M RL Differentiation of (1 1) and (12) shows that profits are decreasing in both y and s. This is natural, since the level of ad inventories is smaller the larger the consumers disability of advertising and the closer substitutes are the TV channels programs. However, equation (11) might leave the impression that the TV channels will make positive profit for any finite value of y and for any s O) . The same kind of reasoning might lead one to expect that the slotting price also Ads increases in the number of TV channels. This is not true. From equation (9) we find, on the contrary, that trim DMS O . It thus becomes more expensive Ads for the advertisers to reach each viewer the larger the number of channels. We therefore get the somewhat surprising result that the profit level of the advertisers is decreasing in the number of 9 TV channels: M d art DMS We summarize our results concerning profits: Proposition 2: Equilibrium profits both for TV channels and for advertisers are higher (I) the more differentiated the TV channels programs, (ii) the lower the viewers disability f advertising, and (iii) the lower the number of TV channels.Less advertising time on each channel is an advantage for consumers. Additionally, consumers gain subsequent to an increase in m because the diversity of TV channels increases. We thus unambiguously have docs DMS We end this section with an extension to the case where there is collusion among the TV channels about levels of ad inventories. When s = O, the TV channels programs are independent, and collusion has no effect at all. At the other extreme, w e know that the TV channels compete away (almost) all advertising and have close to zero profits when s approaches 1 . This is a prisoners dilemma situation, where the firms would have been jointly better off with more ad time on all channels. This suggests that collusion between the TV channels leads to more advertising than in the non-cooperative equilibrium for all s E (O, 1), and more so the less differentiated the TV programs. 14 We derive the first-order conditions for a collusive outcome from the TV channels joint profit-minimization problem, and find that the equilibrium ad time on channel I now equals IAC = 1 n, I = (13)

Vicious Cycle The Flipside of Brazils Agricultural Expansionist Policies

Introduction Being the fifth largest country in the world both in terms of geographical size and population, Brazil epitomizes the ongoing global tension pitying biodiversity preservation against agricultural sustainability and economic development.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Vicious Cycle: The Flipside of Brazil’s Agricultural Expansionist Policies specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Available statistics demonstrate that Brazil is a critical emerging economic power with a GDP of US$604.0 billion and a GDP per capita of US$3,326.21 in 2004, and that the country’s environment is one of the richest in the world not only because its fauna and flora is found nowhere else on earth, but also due to the fact that its ecosystems contain in excess of 15 percent of the plant and animal species known to science (European Commission, 2007). Holding up to 12 percent of the available freshwater world wide, the country is undoubtedly one of leading producers of food and biofuels in Latin America and globally (Ferreira et al., 2012). But while Brazil continues to play an increasingly important role in the global challenge to supply food to a growing and more affluent human population through agricultural expansion activities, hence driving rapid economic development, available literature demonstrates that such events have also had significant adverse impacts on biodiversity and the conservation of ecosystem services in the country (Ferreira et al., 2012). This paper borrows from Ascher and Healy’s (1990) concept of vicious cycle to demonstrate how Brazil may be sucked into the vicious cycle, entailing economic production, the environment, income distribution and resources, if policies are not put in place to address adverse impacts caused by agricultural expansion. Understanding the Vicious Cycle the Brazilian Problem In their influential reading, Ascher and Healy (1990) e mploy the vicious cycle metaphor, which essentially is a circular constellation of forces tending to act and react upon one another in such a manner as to keep a poor country in a state of poverty, to demonstrate the complex interrelationships among four critical facets of sociophysical production namely economic production, distribution of income, natural resources, and the environment. In the four key attributes, economic production is described as the level, source, and composition of the goods and services generated by the economy at any point in time, while income distribution is perceived as including functional distribution, size distribution among recipients of diverse income levels, distribution of in-kind income such as government services or gratification from environmental quality, as well as regional income distribution.Advertising Looking for critical writing on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn Mor e Likewise, natural resources have been described as a broad assortment of substantial natural endowments such as land, water, timber and minerals, while environment refers to the natural systems that provide the background or surroundings for human activity (Ascher Healy, 1990). Unlike other less advanced and developing countries, Brazil is on the verge of achieving long-term economic development that is partially fuelled by effective exploitation of natural resources (Ferreira et al., 2012), which not only include â€Å"the dense tropical rainforests of the Amazon, but also the important biomes of the Savannah-like Cerrado, the arid scrublands of the Caatinga, the Atlantic Forest, the grasslands of the Pampa and the wetlands of the Pantanal† (European Commission, 2007 p. 11). Reports released by The Economist (2010) and Food Agriculture Organization (2012), cited in Ferreira et al. (2007), show that the phenomenal expansion of Brazilian agriculture has been at the core o f its most recent economic expansion, corresponding to 28% of the country total exports. However, as demonstrated by these authors, â€Å"there are rising concerns about the threats that these changes represent to Brazil’s globally significant biological wealth, including widespread deforestation and clearance of native vegetation, and rapid increases in the use of fertilizers, pesticides and other agricultural chemical supplies† (p. 535-536). This observation, in my viewpoint, has the capacity to ignite a complex vicious cycle which will ultimately cut across two or more attributes of sociophysical production Exposing the Adverse Relationships Ascher Healy (1990) have taken considerable effort to demonstrate the interrelationships between the various facets, such as the vicious cycle between economic development and environment and vicious cycle between economic development and income distribution. In the Brazilian context, for example, it is evident that attempts by government and other stakeholders to enhance the country’s economic development through agricultural expansion have continued to generate a multiplicity of environmental externalities, such as reduction of biological diversity, soil erosion in rural farming areas, watershed damage, depletion of natural resources, soil and habitat degradation due to continued use of harmful pesticides, rise of slum areas, as well as health-related conditions brought about by overcrowding and increasing lead emissions from automobiles (Carneiro Danton 2011; Ferreira et al., 2012).Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Vicious Cycle: The Flipside of Brazil’s Agricultural Expansionist Policies specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In the same vein, it emerges that the urge to achieve sustained economic development has catapulted policymakers into availing vast tracts of previously virgin land for cultivation aimed at increasing agricultural yield. Although a sizeable proportion of farmers are employing modern practices to increase acreage and agricultural output, many are still using poisonous pesticides and farming practices that contribute substantially to soil erosion and degradation. Consequently, it can be suggested that a vicious cycle between economic development and environmental degradation has already set in. But more importantly, environmental policymakers in Brazil should realize that another vicious cycle between economic development and income distribution will set in the near future as long as farmers in North-East regions of the country continue to use harmful farming practices to expand their agricultural production and benefit from international food markets. When agriculture will no longer be sustainable due to ongoing poor farming practices, these farmers will lose their economic backbone, and hence, the income inequalities will increase. Conversely, it can be argued that th ese farmers will not only lack the capacity to take care of their social and health needs but will also continue to haphazardly exploit available natural resources for economic gain, resulting in a vicious cycle that will have major adverse impacts on biodiversity and the conservation of ecosystem services in the country. Way Forward The way forward for environmental policymakers in Brazil, therefore, is to put in place strong institutional policies for managing resources and ensuring the long-term sustainability of the agricultural sector. The government, in conjunction with relevant stakeholders, must act with immediacy to break the vicious cycle between economic development and environmental degradation by coming up with educational and awareness programs targeting farmers who use inferior farming methods to enhance their agricultural output.Advertising Looking for critical writing on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Additionally, it is imperative for the government to develop clear management objectives and sufficient implementation capacity of the existing policies to ensure that the beneficial urge to achieve economic development through agricultural expansion does not shift into unwarranted destruction of the country’s strikingly rich biodiversity and ecosystem. These interventions, in my view, will arrest the vicious cycle before it gains momentum towards a hazardous level. References Ascher. W., Healy, R.G. (1990). Natural resource policymaking in developing countries: Environment, economic growth, and income distribution. Durham, North Carolina: Duke University Press. Carneiro, M.J., Danton, T. (2011). Agriculture and biodiversity in the Brazilian social sciences: A possible state-of-the-art scenario. Innovation: The European Journal of Social Sciences, 24(3), 225-246. European Commission. (2007). Country strategy paper 2007-2013. Web. Ferreira, J., Pardini, R., Metzger, J.P., Fo nseca, C.R., Pompeu, P.S., Sparovek, G., Louzada, J. (2012). Towards environmentally sustainable agriculture in Brazil: Challenges and opportunities for applied ecological research. Journal of Applied Ecology, 49(3), 535-541. This critical writing on Vicious Cycle: The Flipside of Brazil’s Agricultural Expansionist Policies was written and submitted by user Cheyanne Q. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.